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The Story Behind12 September 2024 by Andreas 361 Viewed

The Italian Jaguars: Stylish Symphony of Elegance and Innovation

Italian coachbuilders, renowned for their craftsmanship and design prowess, have left an indelible mark on the automotive world. The marriage of British engineering excellence with Italian design flair has resulted in some of the most striking and unique Jaguars to date. From the golden age of the XK series to the iconic E-Type and beyond, these coachbuilt creations showcase the collaborative brilliance of two automotive cultures.

Stabilimenti Farina's trio

Stabilimenti Farina left its mark on three Jaguars in 1951/52. The “Meteor” Coupe and “Golden Arrow” convertible were based on MK VII chassis, while the “Flying Jaguar” coupe graced the XK120 chassis. Exhibited at the 35th Brussels Salon in 1952, these one-of-a-kind creations underline the fusion of British performance with Italian styling.

Jaguar XK120 Supersonic by Ghia (1953)

Strada e Corsa

Ghia‘s reimagining of the Jaguar XK120 with the famous Supersonic body, a masterpiece in design. With only three specimens in existence, the collaboration between Ghia and Jaguar showcases an elegant blend of curves and aerodynamics. The Supersonic’s allure is further enhanced by Conrero’s engine enhancements, making it a standout at the 1954 Paris Motor Show.

Jaguar XK120 Pininfarina (1955)

Debuting at the Geneva Motor Show in 1955, the Jaguar XK120 Pininfarina is a testament to Pininfarina’s design finesse. Acquired by CMC in 2015, a meticulous 6,275-hour restoration ensued, reviving this classic’s former glory. The restoration, faced with challenges like replicating original paint and recreating bumpers, reaffirms Pininfarina’s commitment to preserving automotive heritage.

Jaguar XK140 by Carrozzeria Boano (1954)

Collaborating with Loewy’s design group, Boano crafted a one-off body for the Jaguar XK140. Exhibited at the 1955 Paris Salon, this design faced challenges in accommodating the XK motor, resulting in a distinctive hood bulge. Although not entirely satisfying, the Jaguar XK140 Boano remains a unique fusion of American and Italian design sensibilities.

Jaguar XK140 by Carrozzeria Ghia (1955)

Carrozzeria Ghia, known for its striking designs, bodied four XK140s, with aluminum construction reducing weight by 100kg. These bespoke XK140s, exemplifying Ghia’s artistry, featured a harmonious blend of aerodynamics and aesthetic appeal. The Ghia touch added a unique dimension to Jaguar’s lineup, showcasing the versatility of British engineering.

Jaguar XK150 by Bertone (1957)

Bertone’s XK150, part of a limited series of three, displayed a coupé that merged subtle elegance with sporty elements. With sculpted lines and an airy greenhouse, the XK150 captured the essence of Bertone’s design philosophy. This collaboration hinted at a refined, sporty direction for Jaguar, showcasing the potential for future evolutions in styling.

Jaguar XK140 by Zagato (1956)

Commissioned by an Italian Jaguar dealer, Zagato‘s rebodying of the XK140 showcased their artistry in crafting aluminum-bodied masterpieces. Unveiled at the 1957 Paris Auto Salon, the Jaguar XK140 Zagato exhibited the fusion of lightweight construction and distinctive Zagato design, creating an icon in the coachbuilding realm.

Jaguar E-Type by Drogo (1962)

The Jaguar E-Type Drogo, though unconventional in its aesthetics, represents a unique reinterpretation by Piero Drogo’s company Sports Cars. Following a crash, Drogo reconstructed the E-Type with a distinct body. While not hailed as the most beautiful E-Type, its uniqueness adds a layer of intrigue to the iconic E-Type legacy.

Jaguar Le Mans D-Type Michelotti (1963)

Born from the remains of a Le Mans D-Type, Michelotti transformed the chassis into a captivating creation. Unveiled at the 1963 Geneva Motor Show, the Jaguar Le Mans D-Type Michelotti showcased a harmonious blend of classic Jaguar racing pedigree with Michelotti’s distinctive design language.

Jaguar S-Type Frua Coupé (1965)

Commissioned by Fattori & Montani, the Jaguar S-Type Frua Coupé emerged as the centerpiece at the 1966 Salon de Genève. Studio Technico Pietro Frua’s touch elevated the S-Type, merging British engineering with Italian design finesse, creating a unique and captivating iteration.

Jaguar FT 420 Coupé by Bertone (1966)

Bertone‘s collaboration with Jaguar importer Ferruccio Tarchini resulted in the Jaguar FT 420 Coupé, a four-seater masterpiece. Unveiled at the 1966 Geneva Motor Show, it seamlessly blended classic Jaguar styling with Bertone’s contemporary design ethos, showcasing a balance between luxury and sporty appeal.

Jaguar Pirana by Bertone (1967)

Conceived as an ideal blend of comfort and sportiness, the Jaguar Pirana by Bertone was born from the visionary idea of John Anstey. Unveiled at the 1967 London Motor Show, the Pirana showcased elegance and sobriety, offering a unique interpretation of Jaguar’s DNA through the lens of Italian design.

Jaguar Ascot by Bertone (1977)

Marcello Gandini’s design for the Jaguar Ascot in 1977 showcased a departure from conventional Jaguar aesthetics. With straight lines and a hatchback practicality, the Ascot exhibited Bertone‘s wedge-shaped design language. The blend of Italian flair with British engineering resulted in a unique interpretation of a four-seat Jaguar coupe.

Jaguar XJ Spider Pininfarina (1978)

As an exploration of an ‘F-type’ spiritual successor, Pininfarina designed the Jaguar XJ Spider, unveiled at the 1978 British Motor Show. The prototype stimulated Jaguar’s consideration for a future sports car. With its sleek lines and V12 engine, the XJ Spider represented a bridge between the E-Type’s legacy and Jaguar’s future aspirations.

Jaguar Kensington by Italdesign (1990)

Italdesign‘s vision for the Jaguar Kensington, intended as a successor to the XJ, showcased a sleek design with a swoopy roofline. While not put into production by Jaguar, elements of the Kensington design later influenced other models, highlighting the lasting impact of Italian design on Jaguar’s evolutionary path.

Jaguar B99 by Bertone (2011)

Celebrating Bertone’s 99th year, the Jaguar B99 made its debut at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show. Designed by Michael Robinson and Adrian Griffiths, the compact executive and grand tourer versions showcased a return to traditional Jaguar aesthetics, providing a glimpse into a potential future for the brand.

These Italian coachbuilt Jaguars stand as testaments to the harmonious collaboration between British engineering excellence and Italian design flair. Each creation tells a unique story, contributing to the rich tapestry of automotive history and exemplifying the boundless possibilities when two great automotive traditions converge.

the author

Andreas

Italian classic car enthusiast with German roots. Renowned as a respected figure in the classic car community, he serves as a jury member at various international concours d'elegance, including the Classic Gala Schwetzingen and Mantova. As a content creator, Andreas passionately shares his profound knowledge and appreciation for vintage automobiles. His heart beats for cars designed by Giovanni Michelotti, showcasing his discerning taste and dedication to preserving the timeless elegance of automotive history.

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The Story Behind 16 December 2021

This is how Ghia stole the De Tomaso Vallelunga from Fissore

The De Tomaso Vallelunga was presented as a concept car at the Turin Motor Show in 1964. De Tomaso initially intended to sell the Vallelunga project to some other car group, primarily Ford. However, no car manufacturer was interested in the purchase, so De Tomaso decided to build the car at its own expense. Production of the model was then assigned to Ghia. The design was instead the work of the Fissore bodywork.

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Sultan Brunei Car Collection

Everyone has heard stories about the Sultan of Brunei’s immense and almost mythical car collection, but few details have ever been confirmed. Shrouded in secrecy, this legendary fleet of rare and bespoke automobiles has fascinated enthusiasts for decades. Recently, a handful of insider photos emerged online, offering a glimpse into the hidden treasure trove.

What many don’t realize is that much of the collection’s extravagance can be traced back to the Sultan’s younger brother, Prince Jefri Bolkiah. With the Royal Family’s extraordinary fortune; largely built on Brunei’s vast oil and gas reserves; Prince Jefri spearheaded an era of unparalleled spending in the 1980s and 1990s. The Sultanate’s wealth was immense, with the Sultan’s net worth reportedly reaching $30 billion, enabling extravagant purchases on a scale that stunned the world.

At its peak, the Royal Family’s car collection was rumored to include around 7,000 vehicles, valued at over $5 billion. This included custom Ferraris, Bentleys, Rolls-Royces, and bespoke models from almost every luxury automaker, many of which were tailored to the exacting tastes of Prince Jefri. It’s estimated that the family’s spending on Rolls-Royces alone exceeded £480 million during the 1990s, making them the brand’s single most important clients.

Italian design house Pininfarina played a vital role in bringing many of the family’s automotive visions to life. From reengineering Ferraris like the 456 into custom sedans and wagons to crafting entirely unique vehicles, Pininfarina became deeply entwined with the Royal Family’s car projects. However, this dependence on the Sultan’s commissions came at a cost. When the family’s spending spree came to an end, Pininfarina faced severe economic difficulties, forcing it to sell parts of its private collection to survive.

In this article, we dive into some of the most iconic custom cars from the Sultan’s collection, focusing on the Italian masterpieces created by Pininfarina and other renowned coachbuilders. From bespoke Ferraris to completely reimagined Bentleys, these cars showcase an extraordinary chapter in automotive history—one driven by unparalleled wealth, obsession, and creativity.

Paolo Garella: The Architect Behind the Collection

Paolo Garella is an Italian engineer whose career spans over three decades, defined by his blend of technical expertise and creative innovation. His journey began at Goodyear’s Technical Center in Luxembourg, where he honed his skills in advanced testing and vehicle dynamics. His ability to solve complex problems and his leadership potential quickly became apparent, leading him to PTI-Albatech, where he worked on hybrid and electric vehicle projects.

In 1992, Garella joined Pininfarina, where he would become a key figure in the company’s development. He rose through the ranks, managing the Prototype Engineering and Manufacturing Department, and later founding Pininfarina Special Projects in 2002. Under his leadership, this division produced bespoke, one-off cars for clients with unique tastes, reinforcing Garella’s reputation as a master of tailored automotive solutions.

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

A defining chapter of his career was his work with the Sultan of Brunei’s legendary car collection. Garella’s ability to navigate the pressures of working with the royal family and his focus on creating personalized, exceptional vehicles earned him their trust and solidified his position as a leading figure in automotive design.

After leaving Pininfarina in 2009, Garella continued to contribute to the automotive world, founding Manifattura Automobili Torino in 2014. Throughout his career, he remained focused on craftsmanship, collaboration, and innovation, earning respect not only for his technical expertise but for his leadership and dedication to creating extraordinary cars.

Pininfarina and the Right-Hand Drive Conversions

Pininfarina’s collaboration with the Sultan of Brunei involved a unique challenge: converting left-hand drive performance cars, like the Ferrari 288 GTO and F40, to right-hand drive, as preferred by the Sultan. Led by Paolo Garella, Pininfarina’s engineers had to re-engineer the entire car, from repositioning the dashboard to adjusting the suspension, all while maintaining the cars’ performance.

In addition, Garella and his team upgraded the air-conditioning systems to handle Brunei’s tropical climate, ensuring comfort without compromising the cars’ high-performance standards. This project wasn’t just technical; it was an opportunity for Pininfarina to blend craftsmanship with engineering, creating bespoke vehicles tailored to the Sultan’s exact needs. Each car became a one-of-a-kind masterpiece, reflecting the Sultan’s vision of luxury.

The love for the 456 GT

The Ferrari 456 designed by Pietro Camardella became a key part of the Sultan of Brunei’s collection, with Pininfarina tasked to create unique versions, all known as “Venice” models. In total, around 42 bespoke Ferraris were built, including four-door sedans, five-door wagons, and two-door convertibles, all tailored to the Sultan’s preferences. Notably, Pininfarina adapted a night vision and a Porsche 928 automatic transmission to the 456, as the Sultan preferred automatic gearboxes.

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

Additionally, the cars received modifications to suit Brunei’s tropical climate, including enhanced air-conditioning and subtle design tweaks. These Venice versions weren’t just custom cars; they were a blend of luxury and innovation, each reflecting the Sultan’s distinctive vision.

The Ferrari 550 Bahar

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Ferrari 550 Bahar is a unique one-of-a-kind vehicle commissioned by the Sultan of Brunei for his son, Prince Bahar. Built by Pininfarina with Paolo Garella managing the project, it’s a bespoke version of the Ferrari 550 Barchetta, created before the official release of the model.

The most notable modification is the custom hardtop, transforming the open-top Barchetta into a coupe-like design for a more weather-resistant, luxurious experience. The car also features a front-mounted automatic gearbox from Mercedes-Benz, offering greater comfort compared to the traditional Ferrari manual transmission. The roof system was borrowed by the Mercedes-Benz R129 SL, but was widened for improved structure and elegance. Only three units were built, making the 550 Bahar an exclusive creation.

The Ferrari FX

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Ferrari FX is a unique, bespoke car created by Pininfarina for the Sultan of Brunei. Only few units were produced, featuring a flat-twelve engine from the Ferrari Testarossa and a 7-speed sequential manual transmission from Williams F1, allowing it to reach a top speed of 205 mph. Each car was custom-built to the Sultan’s specifications, blending luxury with performance. While five were delivered to Brunei, the fourth car was cancelled by the Sultan and later acquired by Dick Marconi. This car is now displayed at the Marconi Automotive Museum in California, making the Ferrari FX a rare and exceptional part of automotive history.

The Ferrari Mythos

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

Unveiled at the 1989 Tokyo Motor Show, the Mythos is a stunning concept car by Pininfarina, based on the Ferrari Testarossa. Designed by Pietro Camardella, it features a bold, wedge-shaped body with a 4.9-liter flat-12 engine producing 390 hp, paired with a 5-speed manual transmission. Though not intended for production, the Sultan of Brunei commissioned several specimens, one in red and another in turquoise, adding them to his legendary collection. The Mythos’ design would later inspire the Ferrari F50, and its story is further connected to the Ferrari F90, a proposal that became a limited production for Prince Jefri of Brunei.

The F90

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Ferrari F90 is a unique creation that emerged from Enrico Fumia’s rejected concept for the 1989 Tokyo Motor Show. Although the design wasn’t chosen for the show, it was revived in 1988 when Prince Jefri of Brunei requested a bespoke supercar. Fumia’s design was adapted and approved for the Prince, leading to the creation of the F90.

Unveiled in 2005, the F90 featured a Targa roof, sleek lines, and functional yet stylish elements like elliptical front motifs. It retained the Testarossa’s V12 engine but introduced innovative design features. The car was tested secretly and remained largely unknown until a 2002 photo revealed one in the Sultan’s garage. Ferrari officially recognized the F90 in 2005.

Today, the six Ferrari F90s remain part of the Sultan of Brunei’s private collection, with Fumia hoping one day to share his creation with the world.

The Bolide

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Ferrari F50 Bolide was an ambitious project by the Brunei Royal Family and Pininfarina in the late 1990s. The plan was to convert six F50s into right-hand-drive models and create six unique track-focused Bolide variants. While a full-scale model was made, featuring a wooden chassis and foam body, the project never reached production.

The Bolide was envisioned with a V10 engine derived from Ferrari’s F1 technology, offering a true performance experience. However, financial and logistical challenges led to its cancellation, leaving only the model as a legacy. The F50 Bolide remains a fascinating “what if” in automotive history.

The Love for Bentey

Bentley was one of the Sultan of Brunei’s favorite brands, and his collection of bespoke vehicles crafted in collaboration with Pininfarina is a testament to his love for luxury and exclusivity. These unique creations, most assembled by the Italian coachbuilder Coggiola, reflect the Sultan’s penchant for personalization and his desire to own the finest automobiles in the world.

Among the standout pieces is the Bentley Azur 2-Door Convertible, a one-of-a-kind vehicle based on the Bentley Turbo R. Finished in a striking black-on-black color scheme, it combines high performance with supreme elegance, featuring a 6.75-liter V8 engine and a rare four-wheel-drive system. The Azur 4-Door Convertible, also a custom creation, reimagined the original design into a four-door version, finished in an elegant blue with a matching interior, and similarly equipped with four-wheel drive to meet the Sultan’s specific preferences.

The Bentley B2 Coupé, originally introduced in 1994, underwent a significant interior retrofit inspired by the Bentley B3, a model the Sultan of Brunei favored for its more refined and successful cabin design. While only 13 units of the B2 were ever built, this bespoke grand tourer reflected the Sultan’s desire for exclusivity. The Bentley B3, another highly exclusive creation, was based on the Bentley Continental R and produced in an even more limited run of just 12 units. Renowned for its elegant design and luxurious interior, the B3 set a benchmark for the Sultan’s bespoke fleet, influencing the modifications made to the earlier B2 Coupé. Among the Sultan’s unique collection was also the Bentley Phoenix Cabriolet, a striking and rare model from the 1990s, with only five examples ever made. One of these was finished in the Sultan’s official shade of yellow, further enhancing its uniqueness. Additionally, the Bentley Spectre Convertible, introduced in 1995, showcased the pinnacle of personalized luxury, combining exclusive design with tailored craftsmanship to suit the Sultan’s precise tastes.

The Aston Martins

The Aston Martin AM3 and AM4 were custom creations commissioned by the Sultan of Brunei in 1995, designed by Pininfarina’s Scott A. Barras. Both models were built on the Aston Martin Vantage 600 chassis, with only three units of each produced.

The AM3 features a sleek, modern design with a composite nose cone and unique rear lights, offering a forward-thinking take on Aston Martin’s classic grille shape. The AM4, on the other hand, blends retro styling inspired by the DB5 and DB6 with modern elements, creating a muscular yet elegant silhouette.

Both cars reflect the Sultan’s desire for luxury and exclusivity, with each being a rare and distinctive addition to his extraordinary collection.

The Argento Vivo

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Honda Argento Vivo, unveiled at the 1995 Tokyo Motor Show, was a futuristic two-seater convertible with a sleek aluminum frame and a retractable hardtop. Captivated by its design, the Sultan of Brunei commissioned four unique versions based on the Mercedes-Benz SL73 AMG R129 platform, each with a powerful 7.3-liter V12 engine. Valued at over $1 million each, two of these bespoke vehicles were delivered to his collection, while the other two remained unfinished—one briefly appearing on eBay in 2009, and the other disappearing into mystery.

The Jaguar XJ220 Pininfarina

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Jaguar XJ220 Pininfarina, commissioned by the Sultan of Brunei in 1995, featured bespoke updates by Pininfarina and Coggiola. The custom design included fixed headlights, new rear lights, and a reworked rear wing, while the interior was upgraded to match its luxurious exterior in dark green. Retaining the original supercharged V6 engine and aluminum chassis, only two were made. One was destroyed in a fire, and the other’s location remains unknown.

The Cinquecento Pick-Up

Sultan Brunei Car Collection

The Fiat Cinquecento Pick-Up AH, a one-off creation by Pininfarina is a unique evolution of the original Cinquecento Pick-Up concept. Designed under the guidance of Paolo Garella, the car features a roll bar over the loading bed, Spiaggina-inspired doors, and an open-air design for a breezy, summer aesthetic. Finished in elegant “Agnelli” blue with a matching leather interior, it includes exclusive AH logos and Pininfarina badges. As a right-hand-drive model, it perfectly aligns with the Sultan’s preferences, blending compact functionality with luxurious design.

The Other Design Houses

The Rolls-Royce Majestic, created by Bertone for the Sultan of Brunei between 1995-1997, is an exclusive model with only six units built. Powered by a turbocharged V8, it features active seat belts and a luxurious interior designed to the Sultan’s specifications.

The BMW Nazca M12, a prototype designed by Fabrizio Giugiaro, was powered by a BMW V12 engine and was built as a lightweight supercar. While it never went into production, at least one was made for the Sultan, finished in a unique blue paint.

The Aston Martin Lagonda Vignale, a 1993 concept by Ghia Design, was powered by a Lincoln V8 engine, though it was intended to feature a V12. Only three units were built, with one going to the Sultan of Brunei, finished in a striking brown color and fitted with a V12 Jaguar engine.

The Legacy and Lessons of Brunei’s Automotive Obsession

The Sultan of Brunei’s car collection is a remarkable showcase of the artistry and craftsmanship that comes from working with renowned coachbuilders like Pininfarina. Each bespoke vehicle represents a unique blend of luxury, performance, and personalization, highlighting the Sultan’s deep passion for cars. From custom Ferrari 456s to one-off Aston Martins and Jaguars, these cars are not just machines but works of art. However, as the Sultan eventually stopped commissioning new cars, Pininfarina faced challenges due to their heavy reliance on this one client. With limited diversification, the company faced economic difficulties and was eventually forced to sell part of their private collection to stay afloat. It’s a reminder of how even the most successful collaborations can face challenges when they lack balance and diversification.

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