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The Coupé That Could Have Saved BMW: How the Pininfarina Gran Lusso Shows the Way Forward

In 2013, two of the most iconic names in the automotive world, BMW and Pininfarina, came together to present a remarkable creation at the Concorso d’Eleganza Villa d’Este: the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé. This one-of-a-kind luxury coupé represents the first official collaboration between BMW, known for its advanced technology and signature design, and Pininfarina, the Italian powerhouse renowned for its flair for elegance and refinement. The result is a unique interpretation of a BMW coupé, viewed through the lens of Pininfarina’s design philosophy.

This collaboration marks the first time the two giants worked together formally. However, their paths crossed long before this project. In the 1950s, Pininfarina had designed a proposal for the BMW 501 sedan, which was ultimately rejected by BMW due to its resemblance to the Alfa Romeo 6C sedan. Despite the missed opportunity, the shared vision of design and engineering excellence has endured over the years, culminating in the creation of the Gran Lusso Coupé.

Ironically, today, the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé represents a glimpse of what could have been a lifeline for BMW’s current design struggles. In recent years, BMW’s lineup has faced harsh criticism for its bulky, uninspired aesthetics, with many critics pointing out that the brand’s new styling lacks soul, cohesion, and design logic. In stark contrast, the Gran Lusso Coupé embodies a blend of elegance, purpose, and design harmony that stands in sharp opposition to the controversial direction of BMW’s current designs.

A Harmonious Blend of Elegance and Power

At first glance, the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé stands out for its perfect balance of elegance and dynamism. With its broad surfaces and taut lines, the coupé exudes both strength and grace. Its classic BMW proportions — a long wheelbase, extended hood, and set-back cabin — create a powerful stance even when the car is stationary. The vehicle’s design is further enriched by Pininfarina’s holistic approach, blending BMW’s precision and dynamics with Pininfarina’s artistry.

As Adrian van Hooydonk, Senior Vice President of BMW Group Design, highlighted, the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé expresses BMW’s core values of luxury and imposing presence in a highly refined form, all while incorporating Pininfarina’s minimalist precision.

Looking at the current BMW lineup, with its massive front grilles, exaggerated proportions, and incoherent styling choices, it becomes clear that the Gran Lusso Coupé represents a missed opportunity. This coupé could have been the salvation for BMW’s design identity, standing as a flagship model that defined a refined, timeless aesthetic. Instead, many of the current models are seen as excessive, lacking the balanced, elegant proportions that once defined BMW’s luxury vehicles.

The Front View: Dynamic and Commanding

The front of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé commands attention with its wide, wheel-focused stance, radiating dynamism and presence. At the heart of the front design is BMW’s signature kidney grille, which immediately signals the car’s heritage. Framed by round twin headlights, this grille directs the viewer’s eye toward the powerful V12 engine housed under the hood. The grille’s aluminum matte finish contrasts sharply with the glossy black structure behind it, adding depth and visual intrigue.

Above the grille, the hood stretches across the car’s width, its contours originating from the BMW emblem, creating an impression of elegant dynamism. The slim headlights reinforce the car’s focus on the road and add to its commanding presence, enhanced by the modern LED technology that offers both a premium feel and depth to the lights.

The lower part of the front fascia is dominated by a sleek sports spoiler, flanked by a single-piece air intake that accentuates the width of the front. The air intake grows larger towards the wheels, emphasizing the car’s broad track. The Pininfarina badge subtly engraved just above the road surface is a nod to the Italian design house’s contribution, like a signature on a masterpiece.

In comparison to BMW’s current models, with their enormous, often disproportionate grilles, the Gran Lusso Coupé’s front end is a lesson in restraint and harmony. Its elegance and power do not rely on excessive design elements but are achieved through thoughtful, balanced proportions that are increasingly rare in today’s BMW design language.

Sculpted Side Profile: Elegance in Motion

The side profile of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé is a testament to the importance of proportion in automotive design. Here, BMW’s renowned formal language is enhanced by Pininfarina’s signature clarity and refinement. The long, flowing silhouette and convex side forms give the coupé an athletic, poised look, while the clean, precise lines elongate the vehicle, adding a sense of exclusivity.

The high beltline runs almost horizontally along the length of the car, giving it stature and presence. Above it, the roofline sweeps elegantly towards the rear, terminating in a brief extension of the car’s rear. Below the beltline, a reverse curve, starting from the air outlet behind the front wheel, moves upward towards the rear, giving the back end a light, dynamic feel. This combination of light and shadow across the surfaces creates a visually striking play of form and depth.

Attention to detail further accentuates the coupé’s elegance. A semi-matte trim behind the front wheel integrates the side indicator, while BMW’s signature Hofmeister kink in the window line is seamlessly integrated into the car’s overall design. Interestingly, the Hofmeister kink is often credited to Giovanni Michelotti, who is said to have invented the design element. Michelotti, a legendary Italian designer, later worked for BMW as a freelance designer, further embedding his influence in the brand’s design language.

Behind the Hofmeister kink, the V12 badge hints at the raw power hidden beneath the car’s refined exterior. Completing the side profile are exclusive 21-inch wheels, which amplify the vehicle’s athletic presence. With five triplet spokes, these wheels balance elegance with sportiness, their semi-matte aluminum finish adding depth and visual complexity.

This graceful side profile contrasts sharply with the chunky, bloated forms seen in BMW’s current lineup. Where the Gran Lusso Coupé is sleek and refined, many modern BMWs are seen as heavy and oversized, lacking the elegance that once made BMW coupés stand out.

The Rear View: Sleek and Sophisticated

The car’s sleek side profile transitions into an elegant rear, where horizontal elements give the back of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé a wide and flat appearance. The expansive surfaces and precise contours interplay with light and shadow, lending the rear a lively, dynamic feel. One of the most striking features of the rear is the smooth transition from the roof to the rear deck, where elaborately shaped supports extend the roof pillars toward the back of the car, creating a fluid, continuous line.

The rear taillights, which extend from the side panels to the back in a single, flowing gesture, bring a sense of visual unity to the car’s design. These lights offer a fresh interpretation of BMW’s traditional L-shaped tail light design, with a slim, jewel-like quality. The lights are encased in semi-matte aluminum frames, with an open design that allows air to pass through, a testament to the attention paid to every design detail.

A Modern Interpretation of Classic Values: The Interior

Inside the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé, the same modern elegance and dynamic authority seen on the exterior continue. The cabin offers an exclusive atmosphere where sportiness, luxury, and comfort combine for a unique driving experience. The interior’s flowing geometry is given new character through Pininfarina’s distinct touch. A carefully selected color scheme, high-quality materials, and geometric detailing in the doors, center console, and instrument cluster elevate the experience. Pininfarina’s attention to both elegance and innovation shines through in every detail.

The luxurious four-seat layout welcomes both the driver and passengers into a space that balances comfort with sportiness. The front and rear seats, designed by Pininfarina, provide a snug embrace with side supports that offer maximum comfort. The driver’s seat features BMW’s signature driver-oriented layout, with all driving functions angled slightly toward the driver for optimal ergonomics.

Materials throughout the cabin are of the highest quality. The interior is wrapped in premium leather in shades of black and tobacco brown, sourced from the prestigious Foglizzo leather workshop. Accents of black chrome offer a sleek contrast to the natural materials used.

48,000 years old Wood

Perhaps the most remarkable aspect of the BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé’s interior is the use of kauri wood, a material that’s over 48,000 years old. Sourced exclusively for this car by Italian craftsmen from Riva 1920 (already responsable for the stunning Cambiano concept car interior), the kauri wood’s unique grain changes from gold to red to brown, depending on the angle of the light. This ancient, fossilized wood, polished and oiled to perfection, adds warmth and natural beauty to the interior.

Italian fine wool fabric lines the roof, with a Prince of Wales check pattern adding a touch of sophistication. Even the smallest details, like the seat stitching, echo this pattern, creating harmony throughout the cabin. To ensure a bright and inviting atmosphere, the interior features an elongated roof opening, illuminated by soft white LED lights. Luxurious carpeting in a deep gray hue completes the sense of well-being within the car.

A Timeless Masterpiece

The BMW Pininfarina Gran Lusso Coupé is a true testament to the power of collaboration between two legendary automotive brands. By combining BMW’s engineering precision with Pininfarina’s design elegance, the Gran Lusso Coupé offers a vision of what luxury cars should embody—refinement, purpose, and timeless beauty. In contrast to BMW’s current design struggles, this coupé stands as a reminder of the brand’s potential to create vehicles that balance boldness with grace. With its exquisite craftsmanship, attention to detail, and a nod to BMW’s design heritage, the Gran Lusso Coupé remains a symbol of what could have been a defining chapter in BMW’s future.

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The BMW M1 holds a unique place in automotive history. As the first production car from BMW’s Motorsport division, the M1 was intended to showcase the company’s engineering prowess and racing pedigree. However, despite its striking looks, impressive performance, and significant impact on the BMW brand, the M1’s journey was fraught with challenges, including financial turmoil, production delays, and regulatory hurdles. Today, the M division has evolved into a symbol of high-performance street cars, but the M1’s legacy remains one of both triumph and failure.

The Birth of BMW Motorsport

In 1972, BMW established its Motorsport Division, known as “M,” with the goal of advancing the brand’s competitive edge in the world of motorsports. Prior to this, BMW’s racing efforts were fragmented, with various teams involved in different categories but lacking a unified structure. This all changed when Bob Lutz, BMW’s head of sales and marketing, spearheaded the formation of BMW Motorsport. The division’s primary mission was to build competitive race cars and elevate the brand’s reputation, particularly in touring car racing.

BMW’s first major success in the motorsport arena came in 1973 with the BMW 3.0 CSL, which dominated the European Touring Car Championship. This victory cemented BMW’s position in the racing world. However, as the division grew, it became apparent that creating race cars from existing production models was unsustainable in the long run. The company needed a purpose-built race car, one that would push the boundaries of performance. This vision led to the creation of the BMW M1, a car that would become a defining symbol for BMW Motorsport.

Michelotti and the BMW Turbo Concept

Alongside the creation of the M division, BMW was developing the BMW Turbo, a concept car that would become a landmark in automotive design and technology. Designed by Paul Bracq, the Turbo E25 introduced bold new features, such as a mid-mounted engine, gullwing doors, and retractable headlights, marking a radical departure from BMW’s previous designs. The car represented a vision of the future, combining performance with cutting-edge safety features, and was intended as a technology showcase for the brand.

Initially, BMW contracted Carrozzeria Michelotti, to assemble the Turbo prototype. Giovanni Michelotti, famous for his work with a variety of automotive brands, established a 10,000-square-meter workshop dedicated to the Turbo project. Michelotti built two BMW Turbo prototypes in total, with one being showcased at the 1972 Frankfurt Motor Show. This partnership underscored BMW’s ambition for the car and its desire to create something truly revolutionary.

However, the timing of the project was unfortunate. The 1973 oil crisis caused a global economic downturn, dramatically increasing fuel prices and severely affecting the automotive industry, particularly for performance cars like the BMW Turbo. The crisis placed enormous financial strain on car manufacturers, and BMW was forced to reconsider its plans, including the costly decision to move forward with the Turbo prototype.

The Fallout and the Shift to Italdesign

As the crisis deepened, BMW was unable to fulfill its contract with Michelotti, and the planned collaboration was put on hold. Financial constraints led the company to reevaluate its spending, and resources allocated to the Turbo project were reduced. Michelotti’s specially built workshop, which had been prepared to assemble the car, remained underutilized as BMW shifted its focus.

However, the end of the oil crisis opened up new possibilities. Italdesign, the renowned design and engineering firm led by Giorgetto Giugiaro, came to BMW’s aid. In the years following the crisis, Italdesign purchased Michelotti’s workshop, which would become the production base for the BMW M1. Giugiaro’s expertise in design and engineering played a pivotal role in transforming BMW’s ambitious race car project into a road-going reality.

Giugiaro’s task was to refine the BMW Turbo E25 concept into a production car that could both meet the demands of motorsport and appeal to the consumer market. His design for the M1 retained the sharp, angular lines and futuristic profile of the Turbo, but with refined proportions to suit both racing needs and road-going practicality. The M1’s mid-engine layout, wide stance, and low roofline emphasized its racing pedigree, while its aggressive, sleek design ensured it would stand out as a supercar.

A Race Car for the Road

The BMW M1 was originally conceived as a Group 5 race car, competing against purpose-built machines like the Porsche 935. The project aimed to blend motorsport engineering with production cars, creating a race-bred vehicle that could also be sold to the public. To achieve this, BMW enlisted Lamborghini, to help with the development of the M1. Despite Lamborghini’s expertise in high-performance road cars, it lacked experience in motorsport, which ultimately led to complications during the project.

In the early stages, Lamborghini was tasked with developing the chassis and body of the M1, while BMW would provide the engine. However, Lamborghini’s financial troubles soon became apparent. The company was experiencing significant cash flow issues, and it ultimately misappropriated funds intended for the M1 project. In a dramatic turn of events, BMW was forced to reclaim the project’s components and tooling from Lamborghini, a move that involved a late-night raid to retrieve the M1’s parts. This disruption delayed the project and ultimately led BMW to take full control of the M1’s development.

The Engineering Challenges

Despite the setbacks, the M1 took shape as a highly capable performance car. The vehicle was powered by the M88 engine, a 3.5-liter, straight-six unit that produced 277 horsepower in its road-going form. This engine, derived from the racing program, provided the M1 with impressive performance, allowing it to rival other supercars of the era, such as the Lamborghini Countach and Ferrari 512 BB.

The M1 featured a mid-engine layout, which contributed to its excellent handling characteristics. The car’s design was primarily focused on its racing capabilities, making it relatively raw and unrefined for a road car. It lacked amenities such as power steering, and the cockpit was cramped, with the steering wheel offset to the right to accommodate the center-mounted engine. Despite these compromises, the M1’s performance on the road was outstanding, with acceleration and handling that earned it widespread praise from automotive journalists.

The Racing Struggles and ProCar Series

One of the most significant challenges the M1 faced was its inability to compete in mainstream racing. To homologate the M1 for Group 5 racing, BMW needed to produce 400 road cars. However, production delays meant that only 200 units were built in the first two years, preventing the car from racing in most major events.

In response, BMW created the ProCar Series, a one-make racing championship exclusively for the M1. The ProCar Series was unique in that it featured Formula One drivers competing against privateer M1 owners, creating an exciting spectacle at Formula One race weekends. Although the series generated interest and the M1 proved competitive in this setting, it was not enough to elevate the car into mainstream motorsport. Furthermore, the M1’s performance in ProCar did little to resolve its commercial issues.

Commercial Challenges and Production Woes

The M1 was also a commercial disappointment. Originally, BMW had intended to sell the M1 for around 100,000 Deutsche Marks, placing it in direct competition with supercars like the Lamborghini Countach. However, due to the disruptions caused by Lamborghini’s financial troubles and the increased cost of production, the M1’s price climbed to 113,000 Deutsche Marks. Even with this increase, the car was difficult to sell. BMW was only able to produce 399 M1s, well below the original goal of 1,000 units, making it a rare and expensive model.

Despite its high performance and exotic status, the M1 was a hard sell. Its design was too closely aligned with its racing origins, and its lack of creature comforts and high price point made it less appealing to the typical supercar buyer. Additionally, the car’s raw nature, with its lack of power steering and awkward driving position, alienated many potential customers. In the end, the M1’s commercial failure contributed to its relatively low production numbers and limited legacy as a production car.

Legacy and the Evolution of the M Division

Although the M1 was a commercial and racing disappointment, it laid the foundation for the success of BMW’s Motorsport division. The lessons learned from the M1 project helped shape future BMW M cars, starting with the iconic E30 M3. The E30 M3, developed as a more practical and accessible performance car, became a massive success in both motorsport and sales, marking the beginning of a new era for BMW M.

The M1 also solidified the link between BMW’s racing heritage and its high-performance street cars. Today, the M badge is synonymous with powerful, driver-focused vehicles, but it all traces back to the M1. The M1’s legacy is less about its financial success and more about its role in shaping the identity of BMW M as a division dedicated to performance engineering and motorsport excellence.

Conclusion

The BMW M1’s story is one of ambition, innovation, and hard lessons learned. It was a car ahead of its time, a race car designed for the road, and a symbol of BMW’s commitment to motorsport. While it never reached the commercial success BMW had hoped for, it played a crucial role in the development of the M division and set the stage for future performance cars. The M1 may not have been the financial success BMW wanted, but its influence on the brand and its impact on the automotive world cannot be overstated. Today, the M1 remains a revered classic, a testament to BMW’s racing heritage and the trials and triumphs of the M division.